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This can be a great time saver if your trace is a complicated one and you want to run it repeatedly. Once you create and save a Trace Template, you can run the trace at any time. The results of the trace the events you capture can be viewed and discarded, saved as a trace file, or saved in a SQL Server table. Saving your trace results is handy, as you can go back to it at any time to review it. Once a trace has been run, you can view the results view the captured events using the Profiler itself.
In the Profiler window you can view each event and the data columns you captured, line by line. In many cases, the events will include Transact-SQL code, which you can view directly using the Profiler, or you cut and past into the Query Analyzer if you want, for more detailed analysis. Creating a trace for the first time can be hard if you are not familiar with all of the various events and data columns. The easiest way to begin learning how to use the Profiler is to use the Profiler's Create Trace Wizard.
This tool includes a variety of basic templates that you can customize for particular needs. For example, the "Find the Worst Performing Queries" template can be used to help you identify those queries that take longer than a predetermined amount of time to run, such as queries that take longer than 1 second. There are a variety of these templates available with the Create Trace Wizard, and you should explore them all.
How to Use the Profiler for Performance Tuning The Profiler is a powerful tool for identifying performance related problems, and can be used at any time during the development process.
One of the areas where I find it extremely useful is when troubleshooting performance of existing applications.
As you know, I highly suggest that performance be done early in the design phase of the application to prevent performance problems in the first place, but this is not always possible.
For example, you may have inherited an in-house application, or perhaps your company has purchased an outside application that uses SQL Server as the back-end. In these cases, you may be called in to try and resolve application-related performance problems. One of the first problems when troubleshooting applications you are not familiar with is not knowing how the application works.
While somewhat tedious, you can use the Profiler to "sneak a peek" at how your application communicates with SQL Server.
You can configure a trace in Profiler to capture all of the communication between the application and SQL Server. Then, one step at a time, you can perform some task in the application, and then review the communication between the application and SQL Server to find out how the two communicate.
Interpreting the communications usually requires a solid understanding of Transact-SQL, but if you know what you are doing, you can figure out how an application works with SQL Server. While you won't need to analyze all the communications between the application and SQL Server, you will want to focus on those areas of the application's functionality that appear to be causing the performance problems, such as a specific report, or some update process.
Generally, once you have created a trace of the offending operation, you can review the Transact-SQL in the trace and identify the problem. For example, I analyzed one particular in-house application and discovered the problem was that the VB code used to access the SQL Server data was creating a cursor, and then moving only one row at a time from SQL Server to the application. The problem was that there were several million rows that were sent, which really slowed performance.
Once I identified the cause of the problem, I was able to get the VB code rewritten. Another feature of the Profiler is that you can create traces of your application's activity with SQL Server, then use this trace as input to the Index Wizard. The Index wizard then analyzes the activity and can recommend that clustered and non-clustered indexes be added or dropped in order to boost your database's performance.
You will learn more about the Index Wizard in the next section of this article. This tool can be used during testing of your database during the early stages of your application's development, and it can be used after the database has gone into production. In fact, you should consider running the Index Wizard on your database periodically after your application has gone into production.
This is because database usage patterns can vary over time, and the optimal indexes for your database may change along with how the database is actually used. Although the Index Wizard can be a great tool, you also don't want to depend in it exclusively for recommending indexes on your databases.
While the Index Wizard is very smart, it still can't make better choices than a DBA experienced in index tuning. The best feature about the Index Wizard is that it can work with real data from your production SQL Server databases, not fake or simulated data.
This means that the indexing recommendations made by it are tailored to how your database is actually used. Here's how it works. Before you can use the Index Wizard, you must first create what is called a workload.
In most cases, you will want to use a Profiler trace because it reflects actual database activity. If you want the Index Wizard to produce useful results, it is important that the workload be created during a time period that is representative of typical day-to-day database usage.
This way, the Index Wizard will be able to offer suggestions based on the real world use of your database. Once the workload has been created, it can be feed to the Index Wizard. Once the Index Wizard is done analyzing the workload if the workload is large, it can take hours to run it will recommend what it considers to be the best mix of clustered and non-clustered indexes for the tables in your database, based on the workload it analyzed.
In addition, if you already have indexes on your database, and the Index Wizard finds out that they are not being used, then it may recommend that they be removed. When the Index Wizard makes its recommendations, you have the option to allow the Index Wizard to make them now not recommended on a production database to schedule their creation for a later time, or to save them as a script.
I recommend you save them as a script, which allows you to take some time to carefully review the recommendations. And only once you are happy with the recommendations, you can then run them using the SQL Server Query Analyzer at an appropriate time. If you disagree with any of the recommendations, you can easily make any changes you find necessary to the script before you run it. Performance monitor has the ability to monitor several hundred Windows performance indicators called counters , and over SQL Server counters, more than enough to monitor and troubleshoot SQL Server 's performance.
While Performance Monitor offers you an abundance of counters you can measure, in most cases you will only want to monitor a handful of them, saving the more obscure counters for special situations.
While you might think that you might only need to monitor SQL Server counters, and not Windows counters, this is not the case. More often than not, you will probably spend more of your time monitoring Windows counters than SQL Server counters. What Counters Should You Watch? Now that I've examined the Network Diagnostics tool's syntax, it's time to explain a little bit about each test. In the sections that follow, the name of the test is listed in the heading, followed by a description of the test and a sample test output.
You specify these test names if you want to skip a test or run a single test. The NDIS test checks the status of your network adapter. If the test fails, then all other tests are aborted. Below is a sample of the output you can expect to see from this test: Netcard queries test. Default gateway test. NetBT name test. There is no secondary WINS server defined for this adapter.
There are no WINS servers configured for this interface. Below is a sample of the output you can expect to see from this test.
Dns forest name is not specified. Domain Guid. Autonet The Autonet test checks to see whether any adapter in your machine is using automatic IP addressing. This test pings the address Below is a sample of the output you can expect to see from this test: IP loopback ping test. Your IP stack is most probably OK. As you can see from the sample output below, this test failed on my test server.
Normally, a failure in this area would indicate that the computer would be unable to communicate with other subnets. You have no connectivity to other network segments. If you configured the IP protocol manually then you need to add at least one valid gateway. Winsock The Winsock test looks at Windows Sockets to determine which transport protocols are available. Below is an abbreviated sample of the output you can expect to see from this test: Winsock test.
DNS test. As you can see from the sample test below, the Browser test checks to ensure that the browser is bound to all NetBT transports and that the computer can send Mailslot messages.
Redir and Browser test. DcList This test is designed to compile a list of domain controllers within a given domain. The test begins by examining the directory service on an active domain controller. If this information is unavailable, another type of query is run against the directory service.
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